What is HEPA Exactly?
HEPA is a type of air filter. It is an acronym for “High Efficiency Particulate Air (filter)” as officially defined by the United States Department of Energy.
This type of air filter can theoretically remove at least 99.97% of dust, pollen, mold, bacteria, and any airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns at 85 liters per minute. The diameter specification of 0.3 microns responds to the worst case, the most penetrating particle size (MMPS). Particles that are larger or smaller are trapped with even higher efficiency. Using the worst case particle size results in the worst case efficiency rating (i.e. 99.97% or better for all particle sizes)
There is nothing in the definition of HEPA Filter, which prevents an air purifier designer to combine traditional passive filtration technology with active electrostatic field enhancement to achieve higher retention efficiency. The Bio-Net achieves greater than 99.97% particle reduction and is verified by a particle counter.
Each manufacturer has his own philosophy how his product will achieve the goal which in the case of air purifiers is to provide a cleaner environment than would exist without the air purifier in operation. Other manufacturers opt to combine two or more filtration technologies with the same clean air results. Because the methods are different does not mean that one air purifier is “better”, “more efficient” or “superior” to all other air purifiers.
First you have your True HEPA systems ex - IQ, Austin, and Blue Air. All these machines are indicating that their total system efficiency is 99.97% at 0.3 microns or better. Total system efficiency means the air coming in the machine will be 99.97% cleaner at 0.3 micron after it has passed through the filter apparatus, in this case the HEPA filter.
Let’s take a look at TRUE HEPA SYSTEMS.
1. High air flow restriction. HEPA filters consist of very dense paper media that reduces 0.3 micron particles 99.97%. This is great for efficiency but can result in poor air cleaner performance more specifically reduced airflow. You can have the most efficient filter in the world but if you do not move enough air your air cleaner is ineffective. Many manufacturers make the claim of silent HEPA. The physics behind mechanical filtration are, if you have a dense media you need a strong motor and blower to really push the air through the filter this results in NOISE. In many cases manufacturers are not pushing enough air through their machines on low or medium and they are claiming silent or quiet. This may be the case but they are not providing proper air cleaning either. On high we can agree that TRUE HEPA systems are providing clean air at 99.97% at 0.3 microns the problem is they sound like they are taking off like a jet.
2. The Bio-Net Air Purifier uses an EGF main filter which is less dense, around 95% at 0.3 micron, but within the system the High Energy field raises the efficiency of the filter to 99.99% at 0.3 micron without restricting the airflow like a TRUE HEPA. The end result is better overall system efficiency than TRUE HEPA with much more airflow. This can also be done much quieter because the motor and blower do not have to work as hard to push the air through the filter.
3. HEPA- with a dense media filter dirt loading of the filter can occur rather quickly. Most HEPA systems are on timers therefore not truly indicating when filters actually need to be changed. In most cases these filters need to be changed every six months.
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IQ AIR
vs.
Bio-Net
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IQ AIR
HEALTH PRO PLUS
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BIO-NET
AIR PURIFIER
WITH EGF
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FUNCTION:
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VIRUS REDUCTION
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SOME CAPTURE, NO KILL
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YES, KILLS 99%-100%
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BACTERIA REDUCTION
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YES CAPTURE, NO KILL
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YES, KILLS 98%-100%
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MOLD & FUNGI REDUCTION
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YES CAPTURE, NO KILL
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YES, KILLS >94%
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VOC REDUCTION
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YES
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YES
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FDA CLASS II MEDICAL DEVICE
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NO
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YES
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DECIBEL LEVELS
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LOW SPEED
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(2 SPEEDS) 44 & 51 DB
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44 DB
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MEDIUM SPEED
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(2 SPEEDS) 58 & 62 DB
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52 DB
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HIGH SPEED
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(2 SPEEDS) 65 & 72 DB
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58 DB
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AIR FLOW WITH FILTER
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LOW SPEED
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(2 SPEEDS) 40 & 70 cfm
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75 cfm
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MEDIUM SPEED
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(2 SPEEDS) 110 & 140 cfm
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135 cfm
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HIGH SPEED
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(2 SPEEDS) 170 & 260 cfm
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200 cfm
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MAINTENANCE COSTS
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MAIN FILTER
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$195.00 Lasts approx 16 months
Operate only 10 hours a day
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$149.00 Lasts approx 18-24 months
Operate 24 hours a day
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GAS & ODOR FILTER
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$ 89.00 Last 10 months
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$ 89.00 Lasts Up to 12 months
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PRE-FILTER
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$ 65.00 Lasts 6 months
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$ 0.00 2 pre-filters built into Gas filter
Cleanable and Reversible
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ANNUAL REPLACEMENT FILTER COST
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$384.00
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$163.50
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5 YEAR FILTER REPLACEMENT COST
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$1,992.00
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$817.50
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DIFFERENCE IN 5 YEAR COST
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IQ AIR COSTS $1,102.00 MORE FOR REPLACEMENT FILTERS
OVER A 5 YEAR PERIOD THAN THE BIONET
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· IQ AIR HAS NO BACTERIAL KILL
· IQ AIR HAS NO VIRUS KILL
· IQ AIR HAS NO MOLD & FUNGI KILL
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· IQ AIR IS NOT A FDA CLASS II MEDICAL DEVICE
· IQ AIR IS LOUDER ON HIGH SPEED
· IQ AIR HAS HIGHER FILTER REPLACEMENT COSTS
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Brand, Warranty & Rating |
Filter Types | Sound Level in dB (various speed levels) |
Pros (+) and Cons (-) |
| Austin 3 5-year Warranty |
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Standard, Plus, & Allergy: High 66, Med 55, Low 50 Junior: High 67, Med 60, Low 50 |
+ High amount of carbon; great for smoke; long-lasting 5-year low-cost filter; Economical
- HEPA & carbon filter are one piece. Not the most quiet; will not guarantee 99.9% germ kill. |
| Airpura 45 years parts; 10 years labor |
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Low: 28.1 db (at 6 feet) High: 62.3 db (560cfm) (Room Level 25.1) |
+ High amount of carbon; Great for smoke; long-lasting, low-cost filter; Economical
- none to report |
| Blue Air 5 5-year Warranty |
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1--34.5 db 2--37.1 db 3--49.4 db 4--70.5 db The quietest on the market |
+ Very quiet on all speeds; Triple Filtration; member of AHAM & rated best by AHAM; very easy to change filters
- Expensive filters, required to change 2x per year; will not guarantee 99.9% germ kill. |
| NQ Clarifier 4 5-year Warranty |
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High: 55 Low: 43 |
+ Kills microorganisms; very effective removing odors; has UV
- Very quiet but high speeds are less quiet. |
| Friedrich 4 1-year Warranty |
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Low and Med: moderately quiet High: loud |
+ Low mainenance, washable filter; may kill live microorganisms; good particulate and dust removal
- Poor smoke and odor removal; 1-year warranty; very good construction |
| Healthway 5.0++ 2-year Warranty |
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Moderately quiet on all speeds. | + FDA certified class II medical device #K012549; only HEPA that kills 99.9% microorganisms on first air exchange. Now being used in selected hospitals.
- Moderate smoke and odor removal. |
| Airfree 5.0 2-year Warranty |
Filterless, no maintenance | None, completely silent operation. | + Kills microorganism and destroys allergens. Maintenance free. No filters to replace.
- No smoke or odor removal. |
| IQ Air 1.0 5-year Warranty |
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1--40dB 2--40dB 3--50dB 4--60dB 5--66dB 6--72dB |
+ none to report -no comment |
| Air So Pure 1.0 1-year Warranty |
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8 speeds and very quiet.
Noise levels not yet available. |
+ Multiple-stage air purifier. Very inexpensive replacement filter set ($89 per year for entire set).
- Customers do not seem to fee results that Blue Air, IQ Air, Firedrich have. Even though there are many stages, this unit is an underpermformer. |
| Lake Air 4.0 7-year Warranty |
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High: 47dB
Low: 42 dB |
+ Very low maintenance. Washable filter. Kills microorganisms. High-quality construction and excellent service from the manufacturer. Great Warranty.
- Fair smoke and odor removal |
| Pionair 4.5 1-year Warranty |
No filters to change. | Silent, no fan. | + Very effective in killing and eliminating all harmful organisms. Less to no irritation form ozone output, because the technology changes ozone to Hydroxyls.
- None. |
| Ozonators & Ionizers including: Spring Air, Kleenair, Clarity, Ionizair, Quantum Pure Aire, EcoQuest (living air, etc.) 3-5 year Warranty |
Minimum maintenance which requires cleaning ion or ozone plates.
UV ozone requires replacing bulb approx. 1x per year. |
Units produce minimal sound due to small fan or no fan at all. | + Ozone is a well-known destroyer of microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, anthrax, and is widely used in residential, industry and commercial applications. Kills 99.9% microorganisms.
- Possible minor irritation when ozone is set too high or individual is hypersensitive to ozone. Remember nature produces ozone to counteract natural and man-made pollution. If ozone did not exist, life could not exist. |
| Biozone or Prozone 0.0--NOT RECOMMENDED 1-year Warranty |
Ozone
UV Light |
n/a | + Works Ok, but very low output.
- Cannot claim the elimination of molds. Biozone has terrible customer service, always out of parts, and up to 3 month delays in getting parts or units or warranty issues. We do not recommend the purchase of these units. Warranty is also too short. - Prozone unit must be thrown away after its life is up. Rated at 20,000 hrs, but actually lasts 10,000 at full intensity. The last 10,000 hrs are not effective. |
| Informative Links to information on Air Pollution http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/hpguide.html - excellent information about indoor air pollution http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/hpguide.html - indoor air pollution http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/airpollution.html - organization for research on Air Pollution http://www.psr.org - information on local ozone air pollution levels Air quality. http://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/web/ben/ - information on air pollution research http://familydoctor.org/handouts/085.html -Air Pollution: Possible Health Effects http://www.arb.ca.gov/html/gloss.htm - Glossary of Air Pollution Terms http://www.igc.org/wri/wr-98-99/airpoll.htm - Health Effects of Air Pollution |
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